weatherhead



sept. is, 192s. 1,684,932

A. J. WEATHERHEAD, JR

METHOD OF UNITING METAL PARTS TOGETHER Filed April 13, 1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 Sept. 1s, 192s. 1,684,932

A. J. WEATHERHEAD, JR

METHOD 0F UNITING METAL PARTS TOGETHER Filed April 15,'1925 2 Shee'cS-Sheel 2 @nvm/1470@ jk Mgealhevhead JI:

ttozneg YPatented Sept. 18, 1928.

.UNITEDSTA TES PATENT oF ALBERT J. WEATHERHEAD, JR., QECLEVELAND, entre.

My invention relates to a method et uniting metalparts` together, particularly valve parts. Thus the present method is `of e.- pecial utility in" producing' a coclr or valve having an opfnatingr 'handle permanently atlixed to the valve stem. The valve may comprise either` asolid stein,` a counterbored stem, or a'hollow stem. The hollow stem is used in a valvewherein the discharge of the Huid is through `thestem and handle. For example, in aknown valve used in au` tomobile radiators, engines, etc., the valve body is of relatively small dimensions and the valve stem is formed witha relatively large discharge passage axially thereof. This valve comprisesthree main parts,a bodyhaving a valve seat, a valve having a stem, and a handle for the stem. These parts areinseparable.after atlixinp; the han dle to the stem, and my `general Objectis to Vunite the handle to the stem in a facile and' inexpensive way after the stem and body have' been assembled. Without injury to the valve seat and operating parts. and a tur ther object is to securethehandle upon the stem so lirmlythat extreme torsional strains may be resistedat the union in op` erating the handle.

In the accompanying drawings,` Fig. l is a side view of the hollovsT valve member;

- Figi'. Q isi-a similar view of the valve body;

and Fig. Bis an elevation of the handle, as

such parts appear before beingr assembled and united together. Fig. vl is a longitudinal section or the valve member inserted i within the body and, `withoutlihe handle.

ingr to Fili. 6. but showingr the union ot partecompleted, and Fig'. Slis a sectional view ot the same parts on line 9 9 of Fig. tl. ltlis a topview ot a jig and a valve seated therein as in handle aillixing operations, and Fig. `ll is a sectional view olf the same parts. Fig. 1Q' `is a sectional view of a valved priming cup in which the valve stemis united to a perforated diaphragm within a` cupfshaped handle. Figi' 13 is aQtop view of the priming cup,fand

` MTHODI 'UNITING METAL IARTS TOGETHER.

Application filed April 13, 19.25. Serial No. 22,732

Figfl/l is a horizontal section on line lilit. er Figlia ln producing' a valve such as delineated in the drawings, the body 2' is screw-threaded externally and internally and a valve seat 3 formed at one end 'of a counter bore .4. A hollow or tubular valve member 5 is also machined and screw-threaded to .t the internally screw-tlneaded bore of body 2, a closed valve head 6 being formed at one end and the opposite end beingv reduced and turned smooth, preferably on slight tapering lines. The enlarged valve head 6 is beveled to permit an eitective closure to be obtained with the sharp edge of vvalve seat 8, and one or more openings 7 are drilled in the side wall ot hollow member 5 closely adjacent the beveled portion of head G.' An axial openingl 8 of substantial size extends from lateral openings `7 to `theouter reduced end oit valve member 5, and said member is also provided with screw-threads substantially its full length to permit said member tobe rotatably.` connected to the body 2 and to move longitudinally therein to open and close the valve. Operating control of valve member is effected by a handle 9 atliXed permanently upon the reduced protruding portion or hollow stem 10` of said member. The handle/'is fastened to stem portion l() atter body 2 and valve member 5`have been assembled., and in pro'- ducingr thehandle a widened ilatarea 144 `is provided centrally between two round arms lh-l5, and a reinforcingr ridge or rib ll is formed at the outer ed ot'this flat area to strengthen the hande where flat-` tened.` Area 14 is punched with a circular openinghavine serrations or teeth 1G en#` tendinginwardly at spaced intervals, and thedianiieter ot the serrated openingl is such that the handle may be readily sleeved upon the tapered hollow stem l0. The shape of* the opening; may varybut l have found it betterto have `the serrations closer together than the width or 'land` of the serrations. lV hen the distance between sei-rations is greater than :the width ot `the serrations themselves I have found that this prevents the metal 'from flowingl outwardly `as it gives too much restricted surface and prevents the metal liowing` easily into the-ser` rations. Alfter the valve body and stem have been assembled they arev seated within a beneath a spinning or upsetting tool. Then the handle is sleeved over portion l()v on valve `member 5, and `the spinning tool or upsettingtool is forced into the tubular endofvalve member 5, thereby iioreing the metal outl into the serrations `and also downwardly into them. The tool is rotated in the same way asthe hand of the thread, i. e., if the thread is right handed then the tool must rotate right handed and vice versa.,A This step et' spinninglocks the valve in a tightly closed position, but it can beeasily opened by the lingers thereafter. Where it is desired to `fasten the handle even more seeui-elyA-I inserta pin 13 in the jig J vwhich the handle may engage it it turns with' the tool, see Figs. l0. and ll.

Thenall further torsional strain is Ataken' by this pin and there is no danger of'turningthe stem forcibly against corner part 3 of body member 2 which would spoil thefvalve seat, In Fig. l l show a hexagonal ,opening inthe jig to receive the Vhexag'onal enlargement l2 on valve body 2,

thereby preventing-'this body from rotating in spinningoperations. But 1t 1s not necessary to have a hexagonal hole to hold the hexagonalfportion of body member '2 when a pin l13 is used to the handle. y

A rapidly revolving ltool or a riveting machine may be used to expand the thin' metal prevent rotation yol vwall onoutwardly flaring lines. ln this operation the material in the outer circular surface or' stem l() is crowded into theinter- .the sharp squared .corners are deeply J ein-V be'lded'in the protrudii'igl wall ofthe hollow ,spaeesbetween'teeth,16,r and the corners of the'teeth are in effect embeddedin the stem. The fiat lands on the teeth offer the needed resistance.V to the expanding* pressure, and

stem, thereby interlocking the partsvery securely against torsional strain. .A further union is effected byupsetting or hanging t-he outer end Vedge of the hollow stein over the serrated teeth, thereby causing the material in ,the peened portion of the stem tobe crowded downwardly into the interspaees, thereby supplementing'the lateral interlocking` ellectfobtained in expanding therwall. This combined result is produced 'by the same instrument or tool used'to expand the stein, ior example an instrument suehas del-ineated in dotted lines in Figs. 6 and 8, in whiehagrooved'f enlargement is provided at-A the "base of the tapered extension 17 oi' the V.die or tool 18. The channeled or grooved portion is adapted to turnor swage the metal outwardly at the finish of the eX- panding jand laring operation on the hollow stem,thereby forming' an annular bead 19 at the outer end .of the stem adapted to look the handlev upon the stem. The additional interlocking effect is obtained by pressing' the `metal of said bead into the outer endsV ot' the interspaees betweenthe serrations or teeth'.V A. tool having rollers maybe used satisfactorily in spinning operations instead of a tapered tool as shown, and the same method may be practiced inv fastening a handle `on a solid stem by drillingl a hole in the end ot' the stem so that the spinning tool may be inserted therein. In that ease the stem is drilled suiiciently deep to allow the pilot ,of the spinning tool to enter lar enough to spin the handle and stem securely together.

When the steps ot uniting` the handle to the stem are finished the valve member becomes an inseparable part of the valve bod y although movable longitudinally within limits therein as lixed by the valve head and the handle. Opening,- of thevalve is elleeted by rotating the handle and when the valve head'engages the seat at the inner end ot (he body the movement is cheeked. It rotative pressure persistently applied to the handle under the mistaken impression that the movable valve member can he unserewed and removed, a severe strain will be placed on tl e union between the handle and stem. T he present method permits an exceptionally strong and durable interlocking; connection to be made tor the handle and stem whereby such strains are readily resisted and breakage prevented, and in the ease ol a hollow stem a large valve passage niay be provided in a comparatively small valve body. Furthermore, the passage for the flow oi' fluid is not contracted and reduced in size but is enlarg'ed or flared to larger dimensions at the outer end by the steps herein described.

ln Figs. l2 to 14, inclusive, l show a priming eup and Valve which consists ot iour parts adapted to be assembled and united together hy expanding the round stem 2O of a valve 2l within" an opening 22 olf irregular shape at the center ot' a diaphragm or wall 23 ot a handle member 24 olf eup shape. lr'lember 24 is screw-engaged with the reduced end 25 oi valve body 2G, and diaphragm a flat metal disk having' a serrated peril'ihery which is seated upon an annular shoulder 27 and locked iu lined posi.- tionby spinning' an annular flange 28 down upon the serrated part ot the diaphragm and7crowding the metal into the serrated spaces. A series ot' radial slots 29 extend outwardly from a Central opening in diaphragm Q3, and these slots permit the fluid to discharge `from the'tubular valve body when valve 2l is unseated. The solid round stem 20 of the `valve extends upwardly through the central opening oi the diaphragm and is rigidly fastened nthereto atter the Cup-shaped handle member 24 is screwengaged with body 2G. rllhis is accomplished by seatingr body 26 within a jig ot lthe kind shown in Fig'. l1, or any other suitfit! Utl

Losanna round and may be straight or tapered at the beginning of operations, but is expanded by an upsetting pressure applied to the exposed end et the stem. Inso doing the stock flows into the radial slots 29 and into Contact with the corners 3() termed by such slots and the interspaces 30 which subdivide the edge ot the opening and torni a notched or serrated edge adapted to eilect an interlocking union between the stem and diaphragm when the exposed end ot the stem is upset and peened over. Either a spinning tool, or a riveting tool which is adapted to rotate as Well as recil'irocate, may be used to upset and ei;- pand the solid stem.

llt may be deduced troni the `foregoing that solid stem may be upset and expanded by a riveting device, or a hollow stem may be upset and expanded by a rotatable device; that in either case I term an opening in the handle which does not contorni exactly to the shape ot' the stem, and that I preferably use an irregular orvserratcd opening as described and employ either a straight or tapered stem With a round smooth wall which may be readily expanded and crowded into the irregular border edge of said opening.

lVhat I claim, is:

l, A method o't uniting metalV parts together, consisting in producing in one part an opening bordered with axially-extending angular teeth and interspaces, and in in sorting a second part into said toothed opening and expanding the Wall thereof on flaring lines oppesite said axially extending teeth and interspaces until said parts are interlocled together.

2. A method of uniting metal parts together, consisting in forming a longitudinal# ly serrated opening in the face of one part; inserting a hollow member into said open ing; and in crowding the Wall of said mem-V ber laterally into the serrated interspaees and also the outer end thereof at right angles into and upon the top ofthe serrated faceY of said first part.

A method or' uniting metal parts together, consisting in sleeving a serrated portion ol. one part` over a tubular part while ysaine into locking engagement With the edge of said opening.-

5. A method of uniting a valve body and a tubular valve member and a handle int'eparably together, consisting in projecting the valve memberfthrough the body; in sleeving the handleover the tubular end oit the waive member, and in expanding the outer end ot the tubular member into locking union with said handle, thereby securing the three Valve parte inseparably together.

(l. A method ot making a valve, consisting in setting a valve body and ayalve stem together Within a iig; in sleeving a handle inen'iber upon said stem; and in expanding said stein within said handle and securing the three vali/'e parts inseparably together while the parte are thus seated.

7. A method of making a valve, consisting in inserting a valve stem Within a Valve body; in ting said body and stem jointly within a jig; in sleeving `a serrated handle over said stem; and in expandinr said stein into locking union with the serrations 1n said handle While holding one of said parts from rotation.

8. A. method ot making a valve. consisting in assembling a valve body, a tubular valve stem and a handle member together; and in applying' pressure rotatively internally otone end of the stem to unite the handle rigidly thereto While holding said handle against rotatable movement. i y

9. A method ot making a Valve, consisting in slceying a handle upon the stein oit a valve member screw connected with a yalvel body, and in expanding said stem into locle ing union with said handle by a spinning and pressing tool while holding the valve body trom turningand limiting axial movement of said valve member.

In testimony whereof I hereby aflix my si gnature.

annnnfr J. waarnaar-man, JR. 

